In Islamic ethics, Divine Wisdom (Hikmah) has profound theological implications:

*Definition:* Hikmah refers to God’s infinite, eternal, and all-encompassing wisdom, guiding creation and human affairs.

*Theological Implications:*

1. *God’s Omnipotence*: Hikmah underscores God’s absolute power and control over creation.

2. *Justice and Fairness*: Divine Wisdom ensures justice and fairness in God’s decisions and actions.

3. *Purposefulness*: Hikmah implies that creation has a purpose, and human life has meaning.

4. *Guidance*: Divine Wisdom guides humans through revelation, prophets, and scripture.

5. *Free Will*: Hikmah balances human free will with God’s sovereignty.

6. *Accountability*: Humans are accountable for their actions, as Divine Wisdom judges intentions and deeds.

7. *Trusting in God (Tawakkul)*: Believers trust in Divine Wisdom, surrendering to God’s plan.

*Ethical Implications:*

1. *Virtue Ethics*: Hikmah promotes virtues like wisdom, justice, compassion, and fairness.

2. *Moral Responsibility*: Individuals are responsible for their actions, considering Divine Wisdom.

3. *Consequentialism*: Actions have consequences, guided by Divine Wisdom.

4. *Intentions*: Hikmah evaluates intentions behind actions, emphasizing sincerity and purity.

5. *Social Justice*: Divine Wisdom advocates for social justice, equality, and compassion.

*Key Quranic Verses:*

1. Quran 2:129 – “Our Lord, send among them a messenger from themselves who will recite to them Your verses and teach them the Book and wisdom…”

2. Quran 31:2 – “These are the verses of the wise Book.”

3. Quran 3:26 – “Say, ‘O Allah, Owner of Sovereignty, You give sovereignty to whom You will…'”

*Influential Scholars:*

1. Al-Ghazali (1058-1111 CE)

2. Ibn Rushd (1126-1198 CE)

3. Ibn Sina (980-1037 CE)

4. Fakhr al-Din al-Razi (1149-1209 CE)

*Contemporary Relevance:*

1. Environmental ethics

2. Bioethics

3. Social justice and human rights

4. Interfaith dialogue and cooperation

5. Personal spiritual growth and self-reflection

*Conclusion:*

Divine Wisdom (Hikmah) is a fundamental concept in Islamic ethics, emphasizing God’s sovereignty, justice, and guidance. Understanding Hikmah’s theological and ethical implications inspires believers to live virtuously, trust in God’s plan, and strive for moral excellence.

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