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Islamic law, also known as Shariah, approaches the issue of capital punishment and criminal justice in a complex and nuanced manner. Here are some key aspects:

*Capital Punishment*

1. *Qisas*: Islamic law prescribes Qisas (retaliation) as a form of punishment for certain crimes, such as murder and bodily harm.

2. *Hadd*: Hadd punishments are prescribed for specific crimes, such as theft, adultery, and apostasy. These punishments can include capital punishment.

3. *Ta’zir*: Ta’zir punishments are discretionary and can be imposed for crimes not specifically mentioned in the Quran or Hadith.

*Conditions for Capital Punishment*

1. *Intentional killing*: Capital punishment is only permissible for intentional killing, not for accidental or unintentional killing.

2. *Witnesses*: The testimony of two reliable witnesses is required to establish the guilt of the accused.

3. *Confession*: A voluntary confession by the accused can also be accepted as evidence.

*Objectives of Criminal Justice*

1. *Justice and fairness*: The primary objective of Islamic criminal justice is to uphold justice and fairness.

2. *Protection of society*: Islamic law aims to protect society from harm and maintain social order.

3. *Rehabilitation*: Islamic law also emphasizes the importance of rehabilitation and reform of the offender.

*Modern Debates and Challenges*

1. *Human rights concerns*: Some critics argue that Islamic law’s approach to capital punishment and criminal justice raises human rights concerns.

2. *Interpretation and application*: There are ongoing debates among Islamic scholars about the interpretation and application of Islamic law in modern contexts.

3. *Reform and codification*: Some Muslim-majority countries have reformed and codified their laws to bring them into line with modern human rights standards.

In conclusion, Islamic law’s approach to capital punishment and criminal justice is complex and nuanced. While it prescribes capital punishment for certain crimes, it also emphasizes the importance of justice, fairness, and rehabilitation. Modern debates and challenges highlight the need for ongoing interpretation, reform, and codification of Islamic law.

Maria Khalid Answered question November 22, 2024
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