Islamic law, or Shariah, addresses war and peace through several principles:
1. _Peace is the default_: Islam prioritizes peace and encourages reconciliation.
2. _Just war theory_: War is permitted only in self-defense, to protect Muslims, or to fight oppression.
3. _Rules of engagement_: Prohibitions on harming civilians, women, children, and the environment.
4. _Proportionality_: Military actions should be proportionate to the threat.
5. _Right to asylum_: Protection for those seeking refuge.
6. _Diplomacy and treaties_: Encouragement of diplomatic resolutions and honoring treaties.
7. _Humanitarian law_: Protection of prisoners of war, medical personnel, and humanitarian aid.
8. _Accountability_: Leaders are accountable for their actions during war.
These principles aim to balance the need for defense with the importance of preserving human life and dignity.