The Islamic law (Shariah) addresses marriage and divorce through:
Marriage:
1. Consent: Mutual consent from both parties.
2. Witnesses: Presence of two witnesses.
3. Mahr: Payment of a dowry (optional).
4. Khutbah: Sermon emphasizing marital responsibilities.
5. Nikah: Formal marriage contract.
Divorce:
1. Talaq: Husband’s pronouncement of divorce (subject to conditions).
2. Khula: Wife’s initiated divorce (with compensation).
3. Mubarat: Mutual divorce agreement.
4. Faskh: Judicial annulment (in cases of harm or neglect).
5. Iddah: Waiting period for remarriage after divorce.
Islamic law emphasizes:
1. Fair treatment and respect between spouses.
2. Reconciliation efforts before divorce.
3. Provision for wives and children post-divorce.
4. Encouragement of marriage and family unity.
5. Regulation of divorce procedures to prevent abuse.
Key principles:
1. Justice and compassion.
2. Protection of women’s rights.
3. Promotion of family stability.
4. Encouragement of reconciliation.
5. Regulation of divorce procedures.
Note: Islamic law varies slightly depending on the school of thought (Madhhab) and cultural context.