Islam emphasizes justice (Adl) as a fundamental principle in legal and ethical contexts, ensuring fairness, equality, and compassion.
*Quranic Foundations:*
1. “Be just, for justice is next to piety.” (Quran 5:8)
2. “And let not the hatred of others make you avoid justice.” (Quran 5:8)
*Prophetic Teachings:*
1. “Justice is the backbone of the state.” (Sahih Muslim)
2. “Do justice, even if it is against yourself or your relatives.” (Sahih Bukhari)
*Islamic Law (Shariah) Principles:*
1. Equality (Musawat)
2. Fairness (Insaaf)
3. Compassion (Rahmah)
4. Protection of rights (Huquq)
*Legal Context:*
1. Independent judiciary (Qadi)
2. Evidence-based decisions (Bayyinah)
3. Right to appeal (Isti’naf)
4. Protection of individual rights (Huquq al-Fard)
*Ethical Context:*
1. Truthfulness (Sidq)
2. Honesty (Amanah)
3. Fair dealing (Mu’amalat)
4. Compassion (Rahmah)
*Maqasid al-Shariah (Objectives of Islamic Law):*
1. Protection of life (Hifz al-Nafs)
2. Protection of wealth (Hifz al-Mal)
3. Protection of dignity (Hifz al-Ird)
4. Protection of intellect (Hifz al-Aql)
5. Protection of faith (Hifz al-Din)
*Contemporary Applications:*
1. Human rights (Huquq al-Insan)
2. Rule of law (Siyadat al-Qanun)
3. Accountability (Mas’uliyyah)
4. Transparency (Shafafiyyah)