When someone is unsure about the permissibility of a financial transaction due to the involvement of interest (riba) or speculation (maysir), there are several steps they can take to determine its halal status. The process involves seeking knowledge, consulting knowledgeable authorities, and exercising caution in areas where uncertainty exists.

Here’s a step-by-step guide to help approach the situation:
1. Understand the Nature of the Transaction

• Interest (Riba): Determine whether the transaction involves charging or paying interest in any form. Riba is strictly prohibited in Islam, whether it is in the form of interest on loans or investments.
• Speculation (Maysir): Speculative activities, such as gambling or engaging in excessive uncertainty, are also forbidden in Islam. Assess whether the transaction involves excessive risk, betting, or speculative financial instruments that do not have underlying tangible assets.

Try to break down the transaction into its core components: what is being exchanged, under what terms, and whether there are elements of uncertainty or guaranteed returns linked to speculation.